The intersection of osteoarthritis, physical activity, and mental health

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic condition affecting millions globally, leading to significant pain and disability. Beyond its physical toll, OA is frequently associated with high rates of depression, exacerbating the overall burden on individuals. While managing the physical symptoms of OA remains a primary focus, addressing the associated mental health issues is equally crucial. One promising avenue in this regard is physical activity.

Physical activity has long been recognised for its myriad health benefits, including enhancing mood and reducing symptoms of depression. However, its specific impact on individuals with OA, particularly concerning how pain levels influence this relationship, is not fully understood. This gap in knowledge is critical, given the high prevalence of both OA and depression.

A recent study published in PLOS Global Public Health sought to unravel this complex relationship. Researchers recruited individuals with OA awaiting orthopaedic consultation at a public hospital in Melbourne, Australia. They collected data on participants' pain levels, physical activity engagement, and depression symptoms.

The findings revealed that the relationship between physical activity and depression was influenced by pain levels. Specifically, the benefits of physical activity on reducing depression symptoms were more pronounced in individuals experiencing higher levels of pain. Additionally, engaging in physical activity helped reduce pain, which in turn led to a decrease in depression symptoms.

These results underscore the importance of physical activity, particularly for individuals with greater OA-related pain, as it offers significant mental health benefits. Encouraging physical activity could be a vital strategy in managing depression among OA patients, providing a holistic approach to their care and well-being.