A landmark report published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology introduces a redefined approach to diagnosing obesity, aiming to address the limitations of traditional methods and ensure appropriate care for over one billion individuals living with obesity worldwide. Endorsed by more than 75 medical organisations, this global initiative emphasises a nuanced framework for identifying and managing obesity as a chronic condition when warranted.

The Commission highlights the shortcomings of relying solely on body mass index (BMI), which, while useful as a screening tool, does not directly measure fat distribution or account for individual health variations. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, the report proposes using additional measures such as waist-to-hip ratios, body fat scans, or functional health assessments alongside BMI.

A critical advancement in the framework is the classification of obesity into two categories: clinical obesity, marked by signs of reduced organ function or impaired daily activities caused by excess fat, and preclinical obesity, where individuals have increased health risks but no current illness. This approach facilitates personalised care, guiding timely treatment for those with clinical obesity and risk-reduction strategies for others.

The Commission underscores the need to combat weight stigma and advocates for better training for healthcare workers to ensure compassionate, evidence-based care. By prioritising individualised assessments, this initiative aspires to reshape global healthcare practices, offering hope for millions while conserving resources by reducing overdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions.