French police have identified the first of seven gunmen who killed at least 129 people in a wave of carnage claimed by the Islamic State group, as international investigators stepped up their probes into Paris's worst ever attacks.

French authorities Saturday named the first attacker as 29-year-old Omar Ismail Mostefai, who was identified from a severed finger found at Bataclan concert hall, scene of the worst of the bloodshed.

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IS jihadists said they were behind the gun and suicide attacks that left a trail of destruction at a sold-out concert hall, at restaurants and bars, and outside France's Stade de France national stadium.

President Francois Hollande called the coordinated assault on Friday night an "act of war" as the capital's normally bustling streets fell eerily quiet, 10 months after attacks on magazine Charlie Hebdo shocked the nation.

READ more: ISIS claims responsibility

Meanwhile the investigation widened across Europe, with Belgian police arresting several suspects and German authorities probing a possible link to a man recently found with a car of explosives.

The discovery of a Syrian passport near the body of one attacker has raised suspicions some of the assailants might have entered Europe as part of an influx of people fleeing Syria's civil war.

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"We confirm that the (Syrian) passport holder came through the Greek island of Leros on October 3, where he was registered under EU rules," said the Greek minister for citizen protection, Nikos Toskas.

The attacks sent shockwaves around the world, with London's Tower Bridge, Berlin's Brandenburg Gate and the World Trade Center in New York among the many landmarks lit up in the red, white and blue of the French national flag in a show of solidarity.

US President Barack Obama described the onslaught as "an attack on all of humanity" and an emotional Pope Francis said he was "shaken" by the "inhuman" attacks.

British Prime Minister David Cameron said the attacks "suggest a new degree of planning and coordination and a greater ambition for mass casualty attacks".

Gunman identified

The attacks, which killed 129 people and wounded 352, including 99 critically, were the first ever suicide bombings on French soil. Unlike those in January, none of the assailants had ever been jailed for terror offences.

Mostefai, born in the poor Paris suburb of Courcouronnes as one of four brothers and two sisters, had eight convictions for petty crimes but had never been imprisoned. Prints found on a finger in the Bataclan matched those in police files.

Paris prosecutor Francois Molins said he had came to the authorities' attention in 2010 as having been radicalised but had "never been implicated in a terrorist network or plot".

"It's a crazy thing, it's madness," his brother told AFP, his voice trembling, before he was taken into custody along with his father on Saturday night.

"Yesterday I was in Paris and I saw what a mess this was."

In a statement posted online Saturday, IS claimed responsibility for the attacks and referred to French air strikes on IS in Syria.

The group, which has sown mayhem in large swathes of Syria and Iraq, threatened further attacks in France "as long as it continues its Crusader campaign."

A total of 89 people were killed at the Bataclan by the armed men who burst in shouting "Allahu akbar" (God is greatest) before gunning down concert-goers and executing hostages.

The jihadists were heard raging at the French president and his decision in September to join US-led air strikes on Islamic State targets in Syria.

As police stormed the venue, two of the gunmen blew themselves up, while the third was shot by police.

Three suicide bombers also detonated their explosives outside the Stade de France stadium where France were playing Germany in a football friendly attended by Hollande, who was evacuated.

Several restaurants were targeted, including a popular Cambodian eatery in the trendy Canal St. Martin area, where at least 12 people died. Another 19 people were killed at a busy restaurant on nearby Rue de Charonne.

The seventh attacker blew himself up on a bustling avenue near the concert hall, injuring one other person.

European investigation

Analysts at Eurasia Group said the attacks "confirm a structural shift in the modus operandi of the Islamic State, and represent a prelude to additional attacks in the West."

The investigation into the attack spread beyond France on Saturday as Belgian police arrested several suspects in Brussels, including one who was in Paris at the time of the carnage.

The arrests -- local media said three people were detained -- were in connection with a vehicle found near the Bataclan concert hall, they said.

In Germany, the authorities said they were looking into a possible link between the attacks and the arrest in Bavaria last week of a man with a car-load of weapons and explosives.

The Paris attacks were "prepared, organised and planned overseas, with help from inside (France)," Hollande said.

In Greece -- the main entry point into Europe for hundreds of thousands of migrants fleeing conflict and misery -- police were investigating a possible Syrian connection to the Paris attacks, though they did not rule out that the Syrian passport may have changed hands before the assault.

Within conflict-torn Syria, residents and activists from some of the areas worst affected by over four years of bombings and war, joined the global outcry over the carnage in Paris.

"We extend our hands to all the people that love peace and freedom, most of all the French people," residents of the besieged town of Douma near Damascus wrote in an open letter.