Dhaka again topped the list of cities worldwide with the worst air quality this morning for the second consecutive day.

With an AQI index of 269 at 9:00am, Dhaka's air was classified as 'very unhealthy', posing serious health risks to residents, according to the air quality index.

India's Kolkata, Pakistan's Karachi and Indian capital Delhi occupied the second, third and fourth spots on the list, with AQI scores of 238, 199 and 199 respectively.

When the AQI value for particle pollution is between 101 and 150, air quality is considered 'unhealthy for sensitive groups', between 150 and 200 is 'unhealthy', between 201 and 300 is said to be 'very unhealthy', while a reading of 301+ is considered 'hazardous', posing serious health risks to residents.

The AQI, an index for reporting daily air quality, informs people how clean or polluted the air of a certain city is and what associated health effects might be a concern for them.

The AQI in Bangladesh is based on five pollutants: particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), NO2, CO, SO2, and ozone.

Dhaka has long been grappling with air pollution issues. Its air quality usually turns unhealthy in winter and improves during the monsoon.

As per World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year, mainly due to increased mortality from stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and acute respiratory infections.