Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease where bone erosion occurs, leading to rough joint surfaces and reduced joint space due to osteophyte formation. Commonly affected areas include the cervical and lumbar vertebrae, hip, and knee joints. As the most weight-bearing joint in the body, the knee is frequently affected, especially in individuals aged 45-50 and older.

Symptoms of OA in the knee joint:

• Pain and swelling in the knee

• Difficulty bending the knee, affecting sitting, toileting, and stair use

• Reduced ability to stand or walk for prolonged periods

Treatment and management:

While OA cannot be cured, pain-free movement can be maintained through physiotherapy and supplements like glucosamine, chondroitin, hyaluronic acid, calcium, and vitamin D.

Physiotherapy treatments:

• Manual therapy, Mulligan technique, ultrasound therapy

• Short-wave diathermy, laser therapy, and therapeutic exercises

Daily life advice for OA patients:

1. Avoid frequent stair use and prolonged standing.

2. Maintain a healthy weight

3. Use knee caps or walking aids

4. Exercise regularly to strengthen knee muscles.

The writer is the Chairman & Chief Consultant of Dhaka City Physiotherapy Hospital.

Email: dreasin20@gmail.com