Barca have now gone three games without a LaLiga win having picked up five points out of a possible 21, suffering defeats by Leganes and Las Palmas in their previous two home games. They are three points behind Atletico having played a game more.
Pedri sent the Catalans ahead but second-half goals from Rodrigo De Paul and Alexander Sorloth helped Diego Simeone's side move three points clear at the top of the table, having played one match fewer than Barca.
Diego Simeone's red-hot Atletico are one of the most in-form teams in Europe on an 11-game winning streak in all competitions and looking like a well-oiled machine with Antoine Griezmann, Julian Alvarez and Rodrigo de Paul firing on all cylinders.
La Liga leaders Barcelona stumbled 1-0 at home against Leganes on Sunday as they suffered another blow in the Spanish title race.
Diego Simeone's side have been in fine form and continued their winning run across all competitions with a deserved home triumph, pulling provisionally level with league leaders Barcelona.
Real missed the chance to move above leaders Barcelona in LaLiga as they stay second on 37 points from 17 matches, one behind the Catalans who host Leganes on Sunday when Atletico, in third place on 35 from 16 games, welcome Getafe.
The 23-year-old was forced off with a muscle injury in their 4-0 thrashing of Osasuna at the Bernabeu earlier in November
"We changed the position of the forwards, with Mbappe outside and he did well, like Vinicius inside," said Ancelotti.
Raphinha and Robert Lewandowski's goals put the Catalans in a healthy position but Marc Casado's red card in the 82nd minute helped Celta start the fightback to snatch a point.
Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang scored twice as Barcelona tightened their grip on second place in La Liga on Tuesday with a 3-1 win at home to Celta Vigo.
Real Madrid secured a 35th La Liga title on Saturday with four games to spare after a 4-0 home win over Espanyol fuelled by two goals from Rodrygo.
Real Madrid's early optimism was punctured by an 88th-minute equaliser from Real Valladolid's Sergi Guardiola as Zinedine Zidane's side stumbled to a 1-1 draw in their first home game of the La Liga season on Saturday.
Spain's La Liga pays homage to victims of US-Bangla plane crash tragedy.
Cristiano Ronaldo becomes only the second player ever to score 300 goals in La Liga as his double fire Real Madrid to a 3-1 victory over 10-man Getafe.
A disallowed Luis Suarez goal sums up a frustrating afternoon for Barcelona as the leaders of La Liga dropped points for the second week running after a 0-0 stalemate with Getafe.
Cristiano Ronaldo uses a medical staff's phone to check out the injury he suffered during Real Madrid’s demolition of Deportivo de La Coruna.
Barcelona ride further away from their crumbling title rivals as Lionel Messi and Luis Suarez score twice each in a 5-0 thrashing of Real Betis which opened up an 11-point gap at the top of the La Liga standings.
Luis Suarez steals the show with a brace and an assist as Barcelona fight back from two goals down to win 4-2 at Real Sociedad and restore their nine-point lead at the top of La Liga.
The Spanish press did not hold back in their criticism of a "shattered" Real Madrid, a team "in crisis" after their 1-0 home defeat at the hands of Villarreal in La Liga.
