Intellectual freedom is crucial for a nation's advancement, Mahfuz Anam, editor and publisher of The Daily Star, said yesterday.

"We  are building roads, bridges, tunnels, etc for the growth of our economy  -- all necessary, and we commend the government for it. But where is  the infrastructure for the intellectual growth -- quality education,  qualified teachers, 21st-century suited schools, colleges,  universities?" he asked while speaking at the 32nd anniversary function  of The Daily Star at a hotel in the capital.

"Where are the  research grants that bring in new knowledge? Where is the incentive for  scholars to devote their lives in pursuit of knowledge?

"The  space, the environment, the laws, the institutions, the resources, most  importantly, the culture  of acceptance of multiplicity of views  are  needed most to reach the new stage in our development journey," he said. 

"Most importantly where is that respect, that dignity, that prestige for  scholars?

"Where  is their place of honour in the hierarchy of our society, government or  the state? I repeat, we must bring back the culture of respect into the  mainstream of our society, especially respect for teachers and  scholars.  We are sick and tired of reporting how school teachers,  college lecturers and university professors are treated in an  undignified manner and even insulted. This is not our tradition and this  will not lead us to the 21st [century] world," he said.

"We take a  lot of pride, and justifiably so, in telling the world that we  sacrificed our blood for our mother language. Now that we have the right  to speak in Bangla, what do we say in that beautiful language of ours?  Is it to only utter platitudes and pleasantries? Or to hurl abuse or  profanities? Or is it to express something more profound, substantive,  sensitive, meaningful and beautiful? How much of the creativity,  originality and insightful ideas are we able to express in them? Of course there are exceptions but we must mainstream them.

"How  much of our sorrows, our struggles, our dreams and our protests are we  able to articulate? Here comes that crucial question that sustains our  intellectual life -- freedom of thought, how much are we able to  exercise [it]?

"The Pakistanis were trying to put the chains to keep us enslaved.

"We  are now putting chains to keep us ignorant, unquestioning, devoid of  curiosity and given to intellectual slavery of various kinds --  ideological, political, faith-based, personality-based, etc.," he added.

"If  life is about change, if change comes from knowledge, if knowledge  comes asking questions, and if questions come from a mind that is able  to think freely, then doesn't 'freedom of thought'  constitute life  itself?  Conversely doesn't the absence of freedom of thought constitute the  total antithesis of life?   No questions, no new knowledge and as such  no life."

Pointing out the  journey of the newspaper, he said it  has come at a cost – of denigration, of maligning, of creating obstacles  at every corner, non-cooperation, curtailment of advertisement, not  being allowed to cover state functions at the highest levels,  personalised abuse of the paper's leadership, direct and indirect  pressures on our day-to-day functioning, etc.

"Yet, the paper, and those who work in it, happily paid the price and served its readers without fear or favour.

"It  is in that spirit -- of service to the nation -- that we honour today  12 extraordinary individuals whom we call 'sentinels of freedom of  thought' and pay tribute to them for what they have stood and struggled  for throughout their lives as torch bearers of freedom of thought."